NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 4 Metals and Non-Metals
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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 4 Metals and Non-Metals
NCERT Textbook will provide you with a lot of interesting topics thus these NCERT Solutions will be useful in understanding in depth concepts well. It will make you understand the topics in most simple manner and grasp it easily to perform better. These NCERT Solutions for Science help you in improving the marks in the examinations and have edge over your classmates.
| Study Material for Class 8 Science Chapter 4 Metals and Non-Metals |
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Page No: 53
Exercise
1. Which of the following can be beaten into thin sheets?
(a) Zinc
(b) Phosphorus
► (a) Zinc
(c) Sulphur
(d) Oxygen
2. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) All metals are ductile.
(b) All non-metals are ductile.
(c) Generally, metals are ductile.
(d) Some non-metals are ductile.
► (c) Generally, metals are ductile.
Page No: 54
3. Fill in the blanks:
(a) Phosphorus is a very _________non-metal.
(b) Metals are ________ conductors of heat and _________.
(c) Iron is ________reactive than copper.
(d) Metals react with acids to produce _________gas.
Answer
(a) Phosphorus is a very reactive non-metal.
(b) Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
(c) Iron is more reactive than copper.
(d) Metals react with acids to produce hydrogen gas.
4. Mark 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if it is false.
(a) Generally, non-metals react with acids. ( )
► False
(b) Sodium is a very reactive metal. ( )
► True
(c) Copper displaces zinc from zinc sulphate solution. ( )
► False
(d) Coal can be drawn into wires. ( )
5. Some properties are listed in the following Table. Distinguish between metals and non-metals on the basis of these properties.
| Properties |
Metals
|
Non-metals
|
| 1. Appearance 2. Hardness 3. Malleability 4. Ductility 5. Heat Conduction 6. Conduction of Electricity |
Answer
Properties
|
Metals | Non-metals |
| 1.
Appearance 2. Hardness 3. Malleability 4. Ductility 5. Heat conduction 6. Conduction of electricity |
Lustrous Hard Can be beaten into thin sheets Can be drawn into wires Good conductors of heat Good conductors of electricity |
Dull Soft Cannot be beaten into thin sheets Cannot be drawn into wires Poor conductors of heat Poor conductors of electricity |
6. Give reasons for the following.
(a) Aluminium foils are used to wrap food items.
(b) Immersion rods for heating liquids are made up of metallic substances.
(c) Copper cannot displace zinc from its salt solution.
(d) Sodium and potassium are stored in kerosene.
Answer
(a) Aluminium foils are used to wrap food items because aluminium metal is malleable. Therefore, it can be beaten into thin foils.
(b) Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. Therefore, immersion rods for heating liquids are made of metallic substances.
(c) A metal can displace a less reactive metal from its salt in an aqueous solution. But zinc is more reactive than copper. Therefore, copper cannot displace zinc from its salt solution.
Cu(s)+ ZnSO4 (aq) → No reaction
(d) Sodium and potassium are stored in kerosene because they are highly reactive elements. They can easily catch fire even when in contact with air.
7. Can you store lemon pickle in an aluminium utensil? Explain.
Answer
Lemon pickle cannot be stored in aluminium utensils because lemon pickle contains acids, which can react with aluminium (metal) liberating hydrogen gas. This can lead to the spoiling of the pickle.
8. Match the substances given in Column A with their uses given in Column B.
A
|
B
|
||
| (i) | Gold | (a) | Thermometers |
| (ii) | Iron | (b) | Electric wire |
| (iii) | Aluminium | (c) | Wrapping food |
| (iv) | Carbon | (d) | Jewellery |
| (v) | Copper | (e) | Machinery |
| (vi) | Mercury | (f) | Fuel |
Answer
A
|
B
|
||
| (i) | Gold | (d) | Jewellery |
| (ii) | Iron | (e) | Machinery |
| (iii) | Aluminium | (c) | Wrapping food |
| (iv) | Carbon | (f) | Fuel |
| (v) | Copper | (b) | Electric wire |
| (vi) | Mercury | (a) | Thermometers |
Page No: 55
9. What happens when
(a) Dilute sulphuric acid is poured on a copper plate?
(b) Iron nails are placed in copper sulphate solution?
Write word equations of the reactions involved.
Answer
(a) When dilute sulphuric acid is poured on a copper plate, there will be no reaction between copper and dilute sulphuric acid as copper is less reactive and hence no products will be formed.
(b) Iron being more reactive displaces copper from copper sulphate solution. In this reaction, the blue colour of copper sulphate fades and there is deposition of copper on the iron nail.
Iron (Fe) + Copper Sulphate (CuSO4) → Iron Sulphate (FeSO4) + Copper (Cu)10. Saloni took a piece of burning charcoal and collected the gas evolved in a test tube.
(a) How will she find the nature of the gas?
(b) Write down word equations of all the reactions taking place in this process.
Answer
(a) Add a few drops of water in the test tube containing gas. Now, cover the test tube and shake it well. After shaking, test the solution with blue litmus and red litmus. It will turn blue litmus red. Thus, the gas is acidic in nature.
(b) Charcoal reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide gas.
C + O2 → CO2
(Carbon from Charcoal) + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide
Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid, which turns blue litmus paper red.
CO2 + H2O → H2CO3
(Carbon Doixide) + Water → (Carbonic Acid - turns blue litmus red)
11. One day Reeta went to a jeweller's shop with her mother. Her mother gave an old gold jewellery to the goldsmith to polish. Next day when they brought the jewellery back, they found that there was a slight loss in its weight. Can you suggest a reason for the loss in weight?
Answer
To polish a gold ornament, it is dipped in a liquid called aqua regia (a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid). On getting the environment of aqua regia, the outer layer of gold dissolves and the inner shiny layer appears. The dissolving of the layer causes a reduction in the weight of the jewellery.
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Chapter 4 Metals and Non-Metals Class 8 Science NCERT Solutions
These Chapter 1 Class 8 Science NCERT Solutions are prepared as per the accordance of latest CBSE guidelines so you can score maximum marks. It can be used to enrich knowledge and make lessons for learners more exciting. Students can cross check their answers and also whether they learned it properly or not. It will be useful in building a great foundation of concepts and make easy for the students to understand basics.
Class 8 Science Chapter 4 Metals and Non-Metals NCERT Questions and Answers - Topics
• Physical Properties of Metals and Non-metals
• Chemical Properties of Metals and Non-metals
→ Reaction with Oxygen
→ Reaction with Water
→ Reactions with Acids
→ Reactions with Bases
→ Displacement Reactions
• Uses of Metals and Non-metals
Chapter 4 Metals and Non-Metals NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science - Notes
• Those materials which are hard, lustrous, malleable, ductile, sonorous and good conductors of heat and electricity are known as Metals while materials which are soft and dull in appearance, break down into a powdery mass on tapping with a hammer, not sonorous and are poor conductors of heat and electricity are called non-metals.
• Chemical Properties of Metals
→ Oxidation: Metals, except gold and silver (noble metals), react with oxygen to form basic oxides. Sodium also reacts vigorously with O2. A lot of heat is generated in this reaction. Metallic oxides are basic in nature.
→ Reaction of Metals with Water Some metals like sodium (Na) react vigorously with water at room temperature. Potassium (K) and Calcium (Ca) are also active metals and react with water at room temperature. Such metals are stored in kerosene. Some other metals do not do so. For example, iron reacts with water slowly.
→ Reaction with Acids: Acids react with metals to liberate hydrogen and corresponding salt of the metal.
→ Reaction with Bases: Metals react with sodium hydroxide to produce hydrogen.
→ Displacement Reactions: Certain metals are capable of displacing other metals from their solutions. For example, zinc (Zn) replaces copper from copper sulphate solution.
Chemical Properties of Non-Metals
→ Oxidation: Non-metals react with oxygen to form oxides which are acidic in nature. For example, sulphur when reacts with oxygen forms sulphur dioxide and sulphur dioxide is dissolved in water to form sulphurous acid.
→ Reaction of Non-Metals with Water: Generally, non-metals do not react with water though they may be very reactive in air. Some non-metals such as phosphorus, react with the air. It catches fire if exposed to air. So, phosphorus is stored in water.
• Uses of Metals: Metals are used in making machinery, automobiles, aeroplanes, trains, satellites, industrial gadgets, cooking utensils, water boilers, etc.
• Uses of Non-metals:
→ Non-metal is essential for our life which all living beings inhale during breathing,
→ Non-metals used in fertilisers to enhance the growth of plants,
→ Non-metal used in water purification process,
→ Non-metal used in the purple coloured solution which is applied on wounds as an antiseptic,
→ Non-metals used in crackers.
Chapter 4 Metals and Non-Metals Class 8 Science Questions and Answers - MCQ Questions with answers
1. The metal which can form a barrier layer of oxide on its surface is :
a) Sodium
b) Aluminium
c) Carbon
d) Barium
► b) Aluminium
2. Rust formation is called :
a) Deformation
b) Aberration
c) Corrosion
d) Illusion
► c) Corrosion
3. The property by which metals can be beaten into sheets is known as
a) Ductility
b) Lusture
c) Sonority
d) Malleability
► d) Malleability
4. Metals that react with oxygen include :
a) copper
b) aluminium
c) iron
d) all of the above
► d) all of the above
5. Which non metal is used in the treatment of rubber during the process of vulcanisation?
a) Sulphur
b) Phosphorus
c) Carbon
d) Chlorine
► a) Sulphur
6. Aluminium foil is used for wrapping food. On which property is it used?
a) Density
b) Malleability
c) Ductility
d) Strength
► b) Malleability
7. Calcium disappears into water forming:
a) Calcium carbonate
b) transparent water
c) oxygen gas
d) milky water
► d) milky water
8. The liquid metal at room temperature is:
a) Mercury
b) Bromine
c) Sodium
d) Gold
► a) Mercury
9. Copper is more reactive than:
a) Magnesium
b) Iron
c) Zinc
d) Silver
► d) Silver
10. Non-metals are:
a) generally liquids
b) generally gases
c) generally solids and gases
d) generally gases and liquids
► c) generally solids and gases
These Science NCERT Solutions are curated by the experts in a comprehensive which can be helpful in clearing your doubts instantly. Chapter 4 Class 8 Science Questions and Answers will improve your awareness skills sharply and you can easily memorize more things precisely. It will help in developing a wider body of knowledge when you’re brainstorming a solution.