NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers

Here, we have providing Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions for Chapter 1 Real Numbers which will be beneficial for students. These solutions are updated according to 2020-21 syllabus. As NCERT Solutions are prepared by Studyrankers experts, we have taken of every steps so you can understand the concepts without any difficulty. These Real Numbers Class 10 NCERT Solutions can be really helpful in the preparation of Board exams and will provide you with in depth detail of the chapter.

Page No. 7

Exercise 1.1

1. Use Euclid's division algorithm to find the HCF of:

(i) 135 and 225

(ii) 196 and 38220

(iii) 867 and 255

Answer

(i) 225 > 135 we always divide greater number with smaller one.

Divide 225 by 135 we get 1 quotient and 90 as remainder so that,
225= 135 × 1 + 90

Divide 135 by 90 we get 1 quotient and 45 as remainder so that,
135= 90 × 1 + 45

Divide 90 by 45 we get 2 quotient and no remainder so we can write it as
90 = 2 × 45+ 0

As there are no remainder so divisor 45 is our HCF.


(ii) 38220 > 196 we always divide greater number with smaller one.

Divide 38220 by 196 then we get quotient 195 and no remainder so we can write it as
38220 = 196 × 195 + 0

As there is no remainder so divisor 196 is our HCF.


(iii) 867 > 255 we always divide greater number with smaller one.

Divide 867 by 255 then we get quotient 3 and remainder is 102 so we can write it as
867 = 255 × 3 + 102

Divide 255 by 102 then we get quotient 2 and remainder is 51 so we can write it as
255 = 102 × 2 + 51

Divide 102 by 51 we get quotient 2 and no remainder so we can write it as
102 = 51 × 2 + 0

As there is no remainder so divisor 51 is our HCF.


2. Show that any positive odd integer is of the form 6q + 1, or 6q + 3, or 6q + 5, where q is some integer.

Answer

Let take a as any positive integer and b = 6.

Then using Euclid’s algorithm we get a = 6q + r here r is remainder and value of q is more than or equal to 0 and r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 because 0 ≤ r < b and the value of b is 6 

So, total possible forms will 6+ 0 , 6+ 1 , 6+ 2,6+ 3, 6q + 4, 6q + 5

6q + 0
6 is divisible by 2 so it is a even number 

6q + 1
6 is divisible by 2 but 1 is not divisible by 2 so it is a odd number

6q + 2
6 is divisible by 2 and 2 is also divisible by 2 so it is a even number

6q + 3
6 is divisible by 2 but 3 is not divisible by 2 so it is a odd number 

6q + 4
6 is divisible by 2 and 4 is also divisible by 2 it is a even number

6q + 5
6 is divisible by 2 but 5 is not divisible by 2 so it is a odd number

So, odd numbers will in form of 6q + 1, or 6q + 3, or 6q + 5.


3. An army contingent of 616 members is to march behind an army band of 32 members in a parade. The two groups are to march in the same number of columns. What is the maximum number of columns in which they can march?

Answer

HCF (616, 32) will give the maximum number of columns in which they can march.

We can use Euclid's algorithm to find the HCF.
616 = 32 × 19 + 8
32 = 8 × 4 + 0
The HCF (616, 32) is 8.
Therefore, they can march in 8 columns each.


4. Use Euclid's division lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is either of form 3m or 3m + 1 for some integer m.

[Hint: Let x be any positive integer then it is of the form 3q, 3q + 1 or 3q + 2. Now square each of these and show that they can be rewritten in the form 3m or 3m + 1.]

Answer

Let a be any positive integer and b = 3.

Then a = 3q + r for some integer q ≥ 0
And r = 0, 1, 2 because 0 ≤ r < 3
Therefore, a = 3q or 3q + 1 or 3q + 2
Or,
a2 = (3q)2 or (3q + 1)2 or (3q + 2)2
a2 = (9q)2 or 9q2 + 6q + 1 or 9q2 + 12q + 4
= 3 × (3q2) or 3(3q2 + 2q) + 1 or 3(3q2 + 4q + 1) + 1
= 3k1 or 3k2 + 1 or 3k3 + 1

Where k1k2, and k3 are some positive integers
Hence, it can be said that the square of any positive integer is either of the form 3m or 3m + 1.


5. Use Euclid's division lemma to show that the cube of any positive integer is of the form 9m, 9+ 1 or 9m + 8.

Answer

Let a be any positive integer and b = 3

a = 3q + r, where q ≥ 0 and 0 ≤ r < 3

a = 3q or 3q + 1 or 3q + 2

Therefore, every number can be represented as these three forms. There are three cases.

Case 1: When a = 3q,
a3 = (3q)3 = 27q3 = 9(3q)3 = 9m,
where, m is an integer such that m = 3q3

Case 2: When a = 3q + 1,
a3 = (3q +1)3
a3= 27q3 + 27q2 + 9q + 1
a3 = 9(3q3 + 3q2 + q) + 1
a3 = 9m + 1
where, m is an integer such that m = (3q3 + 3q2 + q)

Case 3: When a = 3q + 2,
a3 = (3q +2)3
a3= 27q3 + 54q2 + 36q + 8
a3 = 9(3q3 + 6q2 + 4q) + 8
a3 = 9m + 8
where m is an integer such that m = (3q3 + 6q2 + 4q)

Therefore, the cube of any positive integer is of the form 9m, 9m + 1, or 9m + 8.


Page No: 11

Exercise 1.2

1. Express each number as product of its prime factors:

(i) 140

(ii) 156

(iii) 3825

(iv) 5005

(v) 7429

Answer

(i) 140 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 7 = 22 × 5 × 7

(ii) 156 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 13 = 22 × 3 × 13

(iii) 3825 = 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 17 = 32 × 52 × 17

(iv) 5005 = 5 × 7 × 11 × 13

(v) 7429 = 17 × 19 × 23


2. Find the LCM and HCF of the following pairs of integers and verify that LCM × HCF = product of the two numbers.

(i) 26 and 91

(ii) 510 and 92 

(iii) 336 and 54

Answer

(i) 26 = 2 × 13

91 =7 × 13

HCF = 13

LCM =2 × 7 × 13 =182

Product of two numbers 26 × 91 = 2366

Product of HCF and LCM 13 × 182 = 2366

Hence, product of two numbers = product of HCF × LCM


(ii) 510 = 2 × 3 × 5 × 17

92 = 2 × 2 × 23

HCF = 2

LCM =2 × 2 × 3 × 5 × 17 × 23 = 23460

Product of two numbers 510 × 92 = 46920

Product of HCF and LCM 2 × 23460 = 46920

Hence, product of two numbers = product of HCF × LCM


(iii) 336 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 7

54 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 3

HCF = 2 × 3 = 6

LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 7 =3024

Product of two numbers 336 × 54 =18144

Product of HCF and LCM 6 × 3024 = 18144

Hence, product of two numbers = product of HCF × LCM.


3. Find the LCM and HCF of the following integers by applying the prime factorization method.

(i) 12, 15 and 21 

(ii) 17, 23 and 29 

(iii) 8, 9 and 25

Answer

(i) 12 = 2 × 2 × 3

15 = 3 × 5

21 =3 × 7

HCF = 3

LCM = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 420


(ii) 17 = 1 × 17

23 = 1 × 23

29 = 1 × 29

HCF = 1

LCM = 1 × 17 × 19 × 23 = 11339


(iii) 8 =1 × 2 × 2 × 2

9 =1 × 3 × 3

25 =1 × 5 × 5

HCF =1

LCM = 1 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 = 1800


4. Given that HCF (306, 657) = 9, find LCM (306, 657).

Answer

We have the formula that,

Product of LCM and HCF = product of number

LCM × 9 = 306 × 657

Divide both side by 9 we get,

⇒ LCM = 34 × 657 = 22338


5. Check whether 6n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n.

Answer

If any digit has last digit 10 that means it is divisible by 10 and the factors of 10 = 2 × 5.

So, value 6n should be divisible by 2 and 5 both.

6n is divisible by 2 but not divisible by 5 as the prime factors of 6 are 2 and 3.

So, it can not end with 0.


6. Explain why 7×11×13 + 13 and 7×6×5×4×3×2×1 + 5 are composite numbers.

Answer

7 × 11 × 13 + 13

Taking 13 common, we get

13 (7×11 +1 )

⇒ 13(77 + 1 )

⇒ 13 (78)

It is product of two numbers and both numbers are more than 1 so it is a composite number.

7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 + 5

Taking 5 common, we get

5(7 × 6 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 +1)

⇒ 5(1008 + 1)

⇒ 5(1009)

It is product of two numbers and both numbers are more than 1 so it is a composite number.


7. There is a circular path around a sports field. Sonia takes 18 minutes to drive one round of the field, while Ravi takes 12 minutes for the same. Suppose they both start at the same point and at the same time, and go in the same direction. After how many minutes will they meet again at the starting point.

Answer

They will be meet again after LCM of both values at the starting point.

18 = 2 × 3 × 3

12 = 2 × 2 × 3

LCM = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 36

Therefore, they will meet together at the starting point after 36 minutes.


Page No: 14

Exercise 1.3

1. Prove that √5 is irrational.

Answer

Let us take √5 as rational number

If a and b are two co prime number and b is not equal to 0.

We can write √5 = a/b

Multiply by b both side we get,

b√5 = a

To remove root, Squaring on both sides, we get

5b2 = a2(i)

Therefore, 5 divides a2 and according to theorem of rational number, for any prime number p which is divides a2 then it will divide a also.

That means 5 will divide a. So we can write,

a = 5c

Putting value of a in equation (i) we get

5b2 = (5c)2

⇒ 5b2 = 25c2

Divide by 25 we get,

b2/5 = c2

Similarly, we get that b will divide by 5 and we have already get that a is divide by 5 but a and b are co prime number. So it contradicts.

Hence, √5 is not a rational number, it is irrational.


2. Prove that 3 + 2√5 is irrational.

Answer

Let take that 3 + 2√5 is a rational number.

So we can write this number as,

3 + 2√5 = a/b

Here, a and b are two co prime number and b is not equal to 0

Subtract 3 both sides we get

2√5 = a/b – 3

⇒ 2√5 = (a-3b)/b

Now, divide by 2, we get

√5 = (a-3b)/2b

Here, a and b are integer so (a-3b)/2b is a rational number so √5 should be a rational number. But √5 is a irrational number, so it contradicts.

Hence, 3 + 2√5 is a irrational number.


3. Prove that the following are irrationals:

(i) 1/√2

(ii) 7√5

(iii) 6 + √2

Answer

(i) Let take that 1/√2 is a rational number.

So, we can write this number as

1/√2 = a/b

Here, a and b are two co prime number and b is not equal to 0

Multiply by √2 both sides we get,

1 = (a2)/b

Now, multiply by b

b = a2

Divide by a we get

b/a = √2

Here, a and b are integer, so b/a is a rational number. So, √2 should be a rational number

But √2 is a irrational number so it contradicts.

Hence, 1/√2 is a irrational number


(ii) Let take that 7√5 is a rational number.

So we can write this number as

7√5 = a/b

Here, a and b are two co prime number and b is not equal to 0

Divide by 7 we get

√5 = a/(7b)

Here, a and b are integer so a/7b is a rational number so √5 should be a rational number but √5 is a irrational number so it contradicts.

Hence, 7√5 is a irrational number.


(iii) Let take that 6 + √2 is a rational number.

So we can write this number as

6 + √2 = a/b

Here, a and b are two co prime number and b is not equal to 0

Subtract 6 both side we get

√2 = a/b – 6

⇒ √2 = (- 6b)/b

Here, a and b are integer so (a-6b)/b is a rational number, So, √2 should be a rational number.

But √2 is a irrational number so it contradicts.

Hence, 6 + √2 is a irrational number.


Page No: 17

Exercise 1.4

1. Without actually performing the long division, state whether the following rational numbers will have a terminating decimal expansion or a non-terminating repeating decimal expansion:

(i) 13/3125

(ii) 17/8 

(iii) 64/455 

(iv) 15/1600 

(v) 29/343 

(vi) 23/2× 52 

(vii) 129/2× 5× 75 

(viii) 6/15 

(ix) 35/50 

(x) 77/210

Answer

(i) 13/3125

Factorize the denominator we get

3125 =5 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 55

So, denominator is in form of 5m so it is terminating.


(ii) 17/8

Factorize the denominator we get,

8 =2 × 2 × 2 = 23

So, denominator is in form of 2m so it is terminating.


(iii) 64/455

Factorize the denominator we get,

455 = 5 × 7 × 13

There are 7 and 13 also in denominator so denominator is not in form of 2m × 5n. So, it is not terminating.


(iv) 15/1600

Factorize the denominator we get,

1600 = 2 × 2 × 2 ×2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 = 26 × 52

So, denominator is in form of 2m × 5n

Hence, it is terminating.


(v) 29/343

Factorize the denominator we get,

343 = 7 × 7 × 7 = 73

There are 7 also in denominator so denominator is not in form of 2m × 5n

Hence, it is non-terminating.


(vi) 23/(23 × 52)

Denominator is in form of 2m × 5n

Hence, it is terminating.


(vii) 129/(22 × 57 × 75 )

Denominator has 7 in denominator so denominator is not in form of 2m × 5n

Hence, it is none terminating.


(viii) 6/15

Divide nominator and denominator both by 3 we get 2/5

Denominator is in form of 5m so it is terminating.


(ix) 35/50 divide denominator and nominator both by 5 we get 7/10

Factorize the denominator we get,

10 = 2 × 5

So, denominator is in form of 2m × 5n so it is terminating.


(x) 77/210

Simplify it by dividing nominator and denominator both by 7 we get, 11/30

Factorize the denominator we get,

30 = 2 × 3 × 5

Denominator has 3 also in denominator so denominator is not in form of 2m × 5n

Hence, it is none terminating.


Page No: 18

2. Write down the decimal expansions of those rational numbers in Question 1 above which have terminating decimal expansions.

Answer

(i) 13/3125

= 0.00416


(ii) 17/8

= 2.125


(iv) 15/1600

= 0.009375


(vi) 23/2352

= 0.115


(viii) 6/15

Dividing numerator and denominator by 3.

= 0.4


(ix) 35/50

Dividing numerator and denominator by 5.

= 0.7.


3. The following real numbers have decimal expansions as given below. In each case, decide whether they are rational or not. If they are rational, and of the form p , q you say about the prime factors of q?

(i) 43.123456789

(ii) 0.120120012000120000...

(iii) 43.123456789

Answer

(i) Since this number has a terminating decimal expansion, it is a rational number of the form p/q, and q is of the form 2m × 5n.


(ii) The decimal expansion is neither terminating nor recurring. Therefore, the given number is an irrational number.


(iii) Since the decimal expansion is non-terminating recurring, the given number is a rational number of the form p/q, and q is not of the form 2m × 5n.


Real Numbers Mindmap

Chapterwise NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths


Chapter 2 Polynomials
Chapter 3 Linear Equations In Two Variables
Chapter 4 Quadratic Equations
Chapter 5 Arithmetic Progressions
Chapter 6 Triangles
Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry
Chapter 8 Introduction To Trigonometry
Chapter 9 Some Applications Of Trigonometry
Chapter 10 Circles
Chapter 11 Constructions
Chapter 12 Areas Related To Circles
Chapter 13 Surface Areas And Volumes
Chapter 14 Statistics
Chapter 15 Probability


NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 - Real Numbers

In chapter 1 Real Numbers, we will restart our exploration of the world of real numbers. We will study Euclid’s division algorithm and the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic. Also, we will see decimal representation of real numbers.

Euclid's Division Algorithm is a technique to compute HCF or GCD (greatest common divisor) of two given positive integers saya and b (a > b) by successive use of Euclid's division lemma.

The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, on the other hand, has to do something with multiplication of positive integers. It says very composite number can be factorised as a product of primes, and this factorisation is unique, apart from the order in which prime factors occur.

We have also provided Notes of Chapter 1 Real Numbers Class 10 Maths, MCQ Questions of Chapter 1 Real Numbers which will supplement your preparation in a better way.

There are total four exercises in this chapter. We have provided Class 10 Maths Solutions of every exercises step by step. You can check solutions of each exercises just by clicking on the links given below.
CBSE NCERT Solutions are best way to check your understanding of any chapter as it contains all the basic to advance questions. Studyrankers experts have solved all the questions so you can check them whenever you find it difficult. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths is very important in learning mathematics for board examinations.


NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers

FAQ on Chapter 1 Real Numbers

How many exercises in Chapter 1 Real Numbers

There are only 4 exercises in the chapter. In order to solve problem in a better way, first you need to understand the concepts. We have provided NCERT Solutions for Chapter 1 Real Numbers Class 10 Maths of every question exercisewise in step by step manner so you can score more in the examinations. The answers of every questions is provided in step by step manner so a student do not have to face difficulty in getting them.

What is Lemma?

A lemma is a proven statement used for proving another statement..

What do you mean by Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic.

Every composite number can be expressed as a product of primes, and this factorisation is unique, apart from the order in which the prime factors occur.

What is Algorithm?

An algorithm is a series of well defined steps which gives a procedure for solving a type of problem.

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