NCERT Exemplar: Class 6th Chapter 2 Components of Food
Page No. 6
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which one of the following food item does not provide dietary fibre?
(a) Whole grains
(b) Whole pulses
(c) Fruits and vegetables
(d) Milk
Answer
(d) Milk
Explanation: Dietary fibre is made up of cellulose which is obtained mainly from plant products. Whole grains, Whole pulses, fruits and vegetables are plant products and provide dietary fibre. Milk is an animal product and does not provide dietary fibre.
2. Which of the following sources of protein is different from others?
(a) Peas
(b) Gram
(c) Soyabeans
(d) Cottage cheese (paneer)
Answer
(d) Cottage cheese (paneer)
Explanation: Peas, gram and soyabeans are plant products (plant proteins) whereas cottage cheese (panner) is animal product (animal protein).
3. Which of the following nutrients is not present in milk?
(a) Protein
(b) Vitamin C
(c) Calcium
(d) Vitamin D
Answer
(b) Vitamin C
Explanation: Protein, Calcium and Vitamin D are present in milk whereas vitamin C is not present in milk.
Explanation: Protein, Calcium and Vitamin D are present in milk whereas vitamin C is not present in milk.
4. Read the food items given below:
(i) Wheat
(ii) Ghee
(iii) Iodised salt
(iv) Spinach (palak)
Which of the above food items are “energy giving foods”?
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)
Answer
(c) (i) and (ii)
Explanation: Carbohydrates and fats are "energy giving foods". Wheat is rich in carbohydrates while Ghee is rich in fats. Therefore, these are energy giving foods. Iodised salt provides us minerals and spinach is rich in vitamins and minerals. Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases and minerals are required for proper growth of body and to maintain good health.
Explanation: Carbohydrates and fats are "energy giving foods". Wheat is rich in carbohydrates while Ghee is rich in fats. Therefore, these are energy giving foods. Iodised salt provides us minerals and spinach is rich in vitamins and minerals. Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases and minerals are required for proper growth of body and to maintain good health.
5. Read the following statements about diseases.
(i) They are caused by germs.
(ii) They are caused due to lack of nutrients in our diet.
(iii) They can be passed on to another person through contact.
(iv) They can be prevented by taking a balanced diet.
Which pair of statements best describe a deficiency disease?
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iii)
Answer
(c) (ii) and (iv)
Explanation: Deficiency diseases are not caused by germs. These diseases are caused due to lack of nutrients in our diet. These are non-infectious as they do not spread from person to person. Lack of nutrients can be fulfilled by taking a balanced diet.
Explanation: Deficiency diseases are not caused by germs. These diseases are caused due to lack of nutrients in our diet. These are non-infectious as they do not spread from person to person. Lack of nutrients can be fulfilled by taking a balanced diet.
6. Given below are the steps to test the presence of proteins in a food item:
(i) Take a small quantity of the food item in a test tube, add 10 drops of water to it and shake it.
(ii) Make a paste or powder of food to be tested.
(iii) Add 10 drops of caustic soda solution to the test tube and shake well.
(iv) Add 2 drops of copper sulphate solution to it.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the steps?
(a) i, ii, iv, iii
(b) ii, i, iv, iii
(c) ii, i, iii, iv
(d) iv, ii, i, iii
Answer
(b) ii, i, iv, iii
Very Short Answer Questions
7. Unscramble the following words related to components of food and write them in the space provided.
(a) reinpot __________
► Protein
(b) menliars __________
► Minerals
(c) tivanmi __________
► Minerals
(d) bocatradhyer __________
► Carbohydrate
(e) nitesturn __________
► Nutrients
(f) tfa __________
► Fat
8. Which of the following food items does not provide any nutrient?
Milk, Water, Orange Juice, Tomato Soup
Answer
Water does not provide us any nutrient.
Short Answer Questions
Water does not provide us any nutrient.
Short Answer Questions
(carbohydrate, fat, protein, starch, sugar, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, roughage, balanced diet, obesity, goitre )
(a) Egg yolk is rich in ____________ and egg albumin is rich in __________.
► fat, protein
(b) Deficiency diseases can be prevented by taking a ___________.
► baanced diet
(c) Eating too much of fat rich foods may lead to a condition called ____________.
► obesity
(d) The component of food that does not provide any nutrient to our body and yet is essential in our food is ___________.
► roughage
(e) The vitamin that gets easily destroyed by heating during cooking is __________.
► vitamin C
10. Read the items of food listed below. Classify them into carbohydrate rich, protein rich and fat rich foods and fill them in the given table.
Moong dal, fish, mustard oil, sweet potato, milk, rice, egg, beans, butter, butter milk (chhachh), cottage cheese (paneer), peas, maize, white bread.
| Carbohydrate Rich Food Item (A) | Protein Rich Food Item (B) | Fat Rich Food Item (C) |
| ..................................... | ..................................... | ..................................... |
| ..................................... | ..................................... | ..................................... |
| ..................................... | ..................................... | ..................................... |
| ..................................... | ..................................... | ..................................... |
| ..................................... | ..................................... | ..................................... |
Answer
| Carbohydrate Rich Food Item (A) | Protein Rich Food Item (B) | Fat Rich Food Item (C) |
| Sweet potato | Moong dal | Mustard oil |
| Rice | Fish | Cottage Cheese (paneer) |
| Maize | Milk | Milk |
| White Bread | Egg | Egg |
| Beans | Butter | |
| Butter Milk | Fish | |
| Cottage Cheese (Paneer) | ||
| Pea |
11. Tasty food is not always nutritious and nutritious food may not always be tasty to eat. Comment with examples.
Answer
Tasty food is not always nutritious. Several fast food pizza, samosa, burger, potato chips etc. are tasty but not very nutritious. They are made up of white flour (maida), unhealthy filings and spices and oil which is not good for health. Nutritious food may not always be tasty to eat. Boiled vegetables are very nutritious but they may not be tasty. These foods contain important nutrients required for our body in growing.
12. While using iodine in the laboratory, some drops of iodine fell on Paheli’s socks and some fell on her teacher’s saree. The drops of iodine on the saree turned blue black while their colour did not change on the socks. What can be the possible reason?
Answer
Starch turns blue-black with iodine solution. The saree of Paheli's saree might have been starched so, it turns blue-black. Paheli's socks did not have starch therefore, it did not show any change in its colour.
13. Paheli and Boojho peeled some potatoes and cut them into small pieces. They washed and boiled them in water. They threw away the excess water and fried them in oil adding salt and spices. Although the potato dish tasted very good, its nutrient value was less. Suggest a method of cooking potatoes that will not lower the nutrients in them.
Answer
Potatoes provide carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and dietary fibre. Wash, peel, cut and cook the potatoes. Cooking in a small amount of water and then frying in a small quantity of oil conserves the nutrients.
14. Paheli avoids eating vegetables but likes to eat biscuits, noodles and white bread. She frequently complains of stomachache and constipation. What are the food items that she should include in her diet to get rid of the problem? Give reason for your answer.
Answer
Paheli eats biscuits, noodles and white bread which are made up of white flour (maida) which does not contain roughage. The complaints of stomachache and constipation occur due to lack of rouaghe. Pahlei must include whole grains, whole pulses, fresh fruits and vegetables in her diet. Roughage allow the waste matter to move more easily and prevents constipation.
15. (a) List all those components of food that provide nutrients.
(b) Mention two components of food that do not provide nutrients.
Answer
(a) Components of food that provide nutrients are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.
(b) Two components of food that do not provide nutrients: Roughage and Water.
16. ‘Minerals and vitamins are needed in very small quantities by our body as compared to other components, yet, they are an important part of a balanced diet.’ Explain the statement.
Answer
Minerals and Vitamins are needed in very small quantities but they play an essential role in the functioning of our body because:
• They help in protecting our body against diseases.
• They help in the growth of our body.
• They also help in maintaining good health.
17. ‘Water does not provide nutrients, yet it is an important component of food.’ Explain?
Answer
Water is an important component of food because:
• It helps in absorbing nutrients from food
• It helps in removing wastes such as urine and sweat.
• It helps in maintaining body temperature.
• It transports nutrients throughout the body.
Long Answer Questions
18. Boojho was having difficulty in seeing things in dim light. The doctor tested his eyesight and prescribed a particular vitamin supplement. He also advised him to include a few food items in his diet.
(a) Which deficiency disease is he suffering from?
(b) Which food component may be lacking in his diet?
(c) Suggest some food items that he should include in his diet. (any four)
Answer
(a) He is suffering from night blindness means inability to see things in low light.
(b) Vitamin A may be lacking in his diet because Night blindness is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin A.
(c) He should include Carrot, papaya, mango, milk in his diet.
19. Solve the cross-word puzzle given as Fig. 2.1 from the clues given below.
1. Lack of nutrients in our diet over a long period causes these diseases (10)
2. Rice and potato are rich in this type of carbohydrate (6)
3. Deficiency disease in bones making it become soft and bent (7)
4. The diet that provides all the nutrients that our body needs, in right quantities, along with adequate amount of roughage and water (8, 4)
5. Deficiency disease with bleeding gums (6)
6. Disease caused due to deficiency of iodine (6)
Down
7. Starch and sugar in our food are rich in this type of energy giving nutrient (13)
8. The term given to the useful components of food (9)
9. The disease caused by deficiency of iron in diet (7)
Answer
20. Observe the items given in Fig. 2.2 carefully and answer the questions that follow.
Go To Index of NCERT Exemplar Solutions Science
(a) Food item rich in carbohydrates is __________ .
► chapati
(b) Egg is a rich source of protein, the mineral __________ and vitamin __________.
► phosphorous, D
(c) __________ is a rich source of fat.
► Butter
(d) Milk provides __________, vitamin D and __________ (mineral)
► protein, calcium
(e) __________ (fruit) is a rich source of vitamin A.
► Papaya
(f) Spinach is a good source of the mineral __________ .
► iron
(g) Both eggs and __________ are rich in __________ .
► peas, proteins
21. SNAKES AND LADDERS
Make a board-game just like ‘snakes and ladders’ with 10 × 10 grid boxes.
The mouth of the snake will represent the faulty food habit or faulty method of cooking. Its tail will represent the deficiency disease caused or loss of any nutrient in food.
Similarly, the box at the base of a ladder will represent healthy food habit or healthy method of cooking. Its upper end will represent the beneficial effect of that habit. An example is given as Fig. 2.3. Complete the board and play with your friends.
Answer
Snake
(87) Eating fat rich junk foods - (24) Obesity
(98) Not using iodised salt for cooking - (79) Goitre
(64) Absence of iron in diet - (60) Constipation
(54) Excessive cooking of Food - (34) Vitamin C deficiency
(93) Lack of Exposure to sunlight - (73) Rickets
(95) Eating food deficient in protein - (75) Kwashiorkor
(62) Less intake of fibre in food - (19) Constipation
(17) Not taking green leafy vegetables and yellow fruits- (7) Vitamin A deficiency
Ladder
(27) Eating fresh fruits like oranges - (84) Healthy Gums
(80) Drinking plenty of water - (100) Body remain hydrated
(4) Eating carrots, papaya, and mango - (14) Healthy Skin and Eyes
(9) Avoiding Junk foods - (31) Remain Healthy
(71) Eating whole grains and fruits - (91) Helps in bowel movement
(51) Intake of spinach and apple - (67) Sufficient hemoglobin
(21) Eating Fish, salt and ginger - (42) Sufficient Iodine
(1) Intake of milk, cheese and green vegetables - (38) Healthy Bones and teeth