Extra Questions for Class 10th: Ch 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources Social Studies (S.St) Important Questions Answer Included
Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQs):
1. What is biodiversity?
Answer
Biodiversity is the variety of all living things, plants, animals and microorganisms living on the earth that are dependent on one other.
2. How much forest area was converted into agricultural land all over India according to the Forest Survey of India between 1951 and 1980?
Answer
26,200 sq. km.
3. Which organization of International level has classified existing plants and animal species of the world?
Answer
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)
4. Name any one endangered species.
Answer
Black buck, crocodile, Indian wild ass, Indian rhino, lion tailed macaque, sangai (Any One)
5. Name one vulnerable species of India.
Answer
Blue sheep, Asiatic elephant, Gangetic dolphin (Any One)
6. Why flora and fauna are under great stress?
Answer
Due to insensitivity to our environment.
7. How forests play a key role in the ecological system?
Answer
Because these are primary producers on which all other living beings depend.
1. What is biodiversity?
Answer
Biodiversity is the variety of all living things, plants, animals and microorganisms living on the earth that are dependent on one other.
2. How much forest area was converted into agricultural land all over India according to the Forest Survey of India between 1951 and 1980?
Answer
26,200 sq. km.
3. Which organization of International level has classified existing plants and animal species of the world?
Answer
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)
4. Name any one endangered species.
Answer
Black buck, crocodile, Indian wild ass, Indian rhino, lion tailed macaque, sangai (Any One)
5. Name one vulnerable species of India.
Answer
Blue sheep, Asiatic elephant, Gangetic dolphin (Any One)
6. Why flora and fauna are under great stress?
Answer
Due to insensitivity to our environment.
7. How forests play a key role in the ecological system?
Answer
Because these are primary producers on which all other living beings depend.
Answer
Assam
9. Classify the major types of forests.
Answer
Reserved forests, Protected forests and Unclassed forests.
10. When was the National Forest Policy introduced? What was its main aim?
Answer
The National Forest Policy was introduced in 1988. Its main aim was to maintain ecological balance.
1. Write any three measures to conserve ecosystem?
Answer
Three measures to conserve ecosystem are the following:
(i) Afforestation should be encouraged in the areas where deforestation takes place.
(ii) Awareness should be created among people about the importance of natural vegetation and wildlife.
(iii) Using non-conventional sources of energy such as solar, wind and tidal energy.
2. “Forests play a key role in the ecological system.” Highlight the value of forests in our life.
Answer
• Forests play a key role in the ecological system as these are the primary producers on which all other living beings depend.
• It supports diverse flora and fauna which are part of our life.
• It provide us fruits, flowers, medicine, wood etc.
3. Explain any three methods of forest conservation adopted by the government after independence.
Answer
• The Indian wildlife Protection Act was implemented in 1972 with aim to protect wild life.
• Government established national parks, Biosphere reserves and Wildlife Sanctuaries.
• The central government announced several projects for protecting specific animals such as Project Tiger.
4. ‘Large-scale development projects have also contributed significantly to the loss of forests.’ Support the statement by giving examples.
Answer
• Large-scale development projects need lands in large number to be implemented which result in the clearing of forests in that area.
• Since 1951, over 5,000 sq km of forest was cleared for river valley projects.
• Clearing of forests is still continuing with projects like the Narmada Sagar Project in Madhya Pradesh, which would inundate 40,000 hectares of forest.
5. How many types of forest are classified in India? Explain it.
Answer
Forests are classified under the three categories:
• Reserved Forests: More than half of the total forests are declared as Reserved forests. They are maintained for the production of timber and other forest produce and for protective reasons.
• Protected Forests: Almost one-third of the total forest area is Protected forests. This forest land is protected from any further depletion.
• Unclassed Forests: These are other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities.
6. What is biological diversity? Why biodiversity is important for human lives?
Answer
Biological diversity means the variety of all living things, plants, animals and microorganisms living on the earth that are dependent on one other.
It is important for human lives because:
• Human beings depend on biodiversity for their very survival.
• The plants, animals and micro-organisms re-create the quality of air, water and soil which human use for their survival.
7. Distinguish between endangered species and extinct species of wild animals. Give one example of each.
Answer
Endangered species:
• These are species which are in danger of extinction.
• The survival of such species is difficult if the negative factors that have led to a decline in their population continue to operate.
• Examples are black buck, crocodile, Indian wild ass, Indian rhino
Extinct:
• These are species which are not found after searches of known or likely areas where they may occur.
• A species may be extinct from a local area, region, country, continent or the entire earth. As, these species are finished, so they cannot be revived.
• Example – Asiatic cheetah, Pink-head duck.
8. What has been the contribution of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act in protecting habitats in India. Explain.
Answer
The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats.
• An all-India list of protected species was also published.
• The main focus was on protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats, and restricting trade in wildlife.
• Central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
• The central government also announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were seriously threatened such as tiger, one-horned rhinoceros etc. (Any three)
1. Describe the role of the community in forest and wildlife conservation.
Answer
• In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining and destruction of forest by citing the Wildlife Protection Act.
• The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan have declared 1,200 hectares of forest as the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’, declaring their own set of rules and regulations which do not allow hunting, and are protecting the wildlife against any outside encroachments.
• The Bishnois of Rajasthan are well known for protecting black bucks (chinkara) an endangered species, and herds of black buck, nilgai and peacocks can be seen as an integral part of the community and nobody harms them.
• The famous Chipko Movement in the Himalayas led by local communities, especially women, successfully resisted deforestation in several areas.
• Joint forest management (JFM) is a programme which involves local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.
2. What are the steps taken by Government to conserve flora and fauna of the country?
Answer
• To protect flora and fauna, the Indian wildlife protection Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats.
• An all–India list of protected species was also published. The main aim of the program was towards protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats and restricting trade in wildlife.
• Central and many stage governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
• The central government announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were gravely threatened, including the tiger, the one horned rhinoceros, the Kashmir stag etc.
• Most recently, the Indian elephant, black buck, the great Indian bustard and the snow leopard, etc. have been full or partial legal protection against hunting and trade throughout India.
NCERT Solutions of Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources
Notes of Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources