Extra Questions for Class 10th: Ch 2 Nationalist Movement in Indo-China History Social Studies (S.St) Important Questions Answer Included
Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQs):
1. Which modern countries comprised Indo-China?Answer
Indo-China comprises the modern countries of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia.
(Para – 1, Page No. 30)
2. In which year Vietnam gained formal independence?
Answer
Vietnam gained formal independence in 1945.
(Para – 1, Page No. 29)
3. How was the maritime silk route useful for Vietnam?
Answer
The maritime silk route was used for import and export of goods as well as for the exchange of ideas.
(Para – 2, Page No. 30)
2. In which year Vietnam gained formal independence?
Answer
Vietnam gained formal independence in 1945.
(Para – 1, Page No. 29)
3. How was the maritime silk route useful for Vietnam?
Answer
The maritime silk route was used for import and export of goods as well as for the exchange of ideas.
(Para – 2, Page No. 30)
4. How nationalism emerged in Vietnam?
Answer
Nationalism in Vietnam emerged through the efforts of different sections of society to fight against the French and all they represented.
(Para – 3, Page No. 30)
5. Mention the main base of colonial economy of Vietnam.
Answer
Vietnam economy was primarily based on rice cultivation and rubber plantation owned by the French and small Vietnamese elites.
(Para – 3, Page No. 33)
6. Who was Paul Bernard?
Answer
Paul Bernard was an influential writer and a policy-maker who strongly believed that the economies of the colonies must be developed in order to acquire more profit.
(Para – 6, Page No. 32| Para – 1, Page No. 33)
7. When did the French arrive in Vietnam?
Answer
French arrived in Vietnam in 1858.
(Para – 1, Page No. 31)
8. Why were the French colonisers in a dilemma on the issue of giving education to Vietnamese?
Answer
The French colonisers were in a dilemma on the issue of giving education to the Vietnamese because they wanted educated good local labour but also feared that the educated Vietnamese would definitely oppose their colonial domination and snatch jobs from French citizens living in Vietnam.
(Para – 2, Page No. 34)
9. What were the major barriers to economic growth in Vietnam according to Bernard?
Answer
According to Bernard high population level, low agricultural productivity and extensive indebtedness amongst the peasants were the major barriers to economic growth in Vietnam.
(Para – 2, Page No. 33)
10. When and how French Indo-China was formed?
Answer
In 1887, French Indo-China was formed after the Franco-Chinese war the French assumed control of Tonkin and Anaam.
(Para – 1, Page No. 33)
Short Answer Questions (SAQs):
1. Explain any three steps taken by the French to achieve their aim to exploit the natural resources of Vietnam.
Answer
• The French began by building canals and draining lands in the Mekong delta to increase cultivation. As the rice cultivation increased, French exported the rice to the international market. Vietnam became the third largest exporter of rice in the world.
• The French also planned infrastructure projects to help transport goods for trade, move military garrisons and control the entire region.
• Trans Indo-China rail network was constructed to link the northern and southern parts of Vietnam and China. A second line was built, linking Vietnam to Siam.
(Para – 3 and 4, Page No. 32)
2. Why did the French think that colonies were necessary? Explain.
Answer
• To supply natural resources and other essential goods.
• To bring the benefits of civilisation to backward people.
• To ensure higher levels of profit for their businesses.
(Para – 2 and 6, Page No. 32)
3. Explain the views of Paul Bernard regarding the development of colonies.
Answer
• He believed that the economy of the colonies needed to be developed.
• To ensure maximum profits, the standard of living of the people need to be improved so they would buy more goods.
• He suggested that there were several barriers to economic growth in Vietnam like high population levels, low agricultural productivity and extensive indebtedness amongst the peasants.
(Para – 6, Page No. 32| Para – 1 and 2, Page No. 33)
4. What was the conditions of colonial economy in Vietnam? Explain.
Answer
• The colonial economy in Vietnam was, however, primarily based on rice cultivation and rubber plantations owned by the French and a small Vietnamese elite.
• Rail and port facilities were set up to service this sector. Indentured Vietnamese labour was widely used in the rubber plantations.
• In the rural areas landlordism spread and the standard of living declined.
(Para – 3, Page No. 33)
5. Explain any three conditions of the contract on the basis of which indentured labour worked.
Answer
• No right of labourers was specified.
• Employer could bring criminal charges against the labourers.
• They could punish and jail labourers for non-fulfilment of contracts.
(New Words, Page No. 33)
6. Why did French policy-makers want to educate the people of Vietnam? Explain.
Answer
• The French policy-makers wanted to educate the people of Vietnam, because they considered education as one way to civilise the “native”.
• They took for granted that Europe had developed the most advanced civilisation and it became the duty of the Europeans to introduce these modern ideas to the colony even if this meant destroying local cultures, religions and traditions.
• The French needed an educated local labour force.
(Para- 1 and 2, Page No. 34)
Long Answer Questions (LAQs):
1. Explain the challenges faced by the New Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
Answer
• The French tried to regain control by using the emperor, Bao Dai, as their puppet.
• The war between France and Republic of Vietnam continued for eight years and in the last the French were defeated in 1954 at Dien Bien Phu.
• The peace negotiations at Geneva partitioned Vietnam into North and South Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh and the communists took power in the north while Bao Dai’s regime was put in power in the south.
• Soon, Ngo Dinh Diem overthrew the Bao Dai’s regime and became dictator which started war between North and South Vietnam.
• To stop the increasing influence of communism in Vietnam, US entered in the war but due to widespread questioning in 1974, the US troops were withdrawn from Vietnam. In 1975, Vietnam unified.
(Para – 4, 5 and 6, Page No. 43| Para – 1, 2 and 3, Page No. 44| Para – 1, Page No. 45| Para – 2, Page No. 51)
2. Describe any five steps taken by the French for the development of the "Mekong Delta Region".
Answer
• The French started building canals to drain lands in the Mekong Delta to increase cultivation.
• The vast system of irrigation works-canals and earthworks-built mainly with forced labour increased the rice production.
• It allowed export of rice to the international market.
• The area under rice cultivation went up from 2,74,000 hectares in 1873 to 2.2 million hectares in 1930.
• Vietnam exported two-thirds of its rice production and by 1931 had become the third largest exporter of rice in the world.
(Para – 3, Page No. 32)
3. Explain any five features of the Go East Movement.
Answer
• The Go East Movement became popular in Vietnam in the first decade of the 20th century.
• In 1907-08 some 300 Vietnamese students went to Japan to acquire modern education.
• The primary objective to drive out the French from Vietnam, overthrow the puppet emperor and re-establish the Nguyen dynasty that had been deposed by the French.
• The nationalists in Vietnam wanted foreign help and arms.
• They appealed to the Japanese as fellow Asians as Japan had modernised itself and had resisted colonisation by the West.
(Para – 2, Page No. 62)
High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) :
1. “The role of women varied in the anti-imperialist movement in Vietnam.” Examine the statement.
Answer
• In the 1960s, photographs in magazines and journals showed women as brave fighters.
• They were portrayed as young, brave and dedicated.
• Women were represented not only as warriors but also as workers as they were shown with a rifle in one hand and a hammer in the other.
• Whether young or old, women began to be depicted as selflessly working and fighting to save the country.
• Many women responded and joined the resistance movement and helped in nursing the wounded, constructing underground rooms and tunnels and fighting the enemy.
(Para – 1, 2 and 3, Page No. 50)
2. “U.S. entry into the war in Vietnam marked a new phase that proved costly to Vietnamese as well as to the Americans.” Analyse the statement.
Answer
• Even though the U.S. had advanced technology and good medical supplies, casualties were high.
• The wide spread attacks and use of chemical weapons – Napalm, Agent Orange, and phosphorous bombs – destroyed many villages and decimated jungles and led to the death of civilians in large numbers.
• Many were critical of the US government for getting involved in a war that they saw as indefensible.
• The recruitment of youth for the war spread anger.
• Compulsory service in the armed forces, however, could be waived for university graduates which meant that only minorities and children of working-class families recruited for war not the privileged elite.
(Para – 2, Page No. 45| Para – 2 and 3, Page No. 46)
Value Based Questions (VBQs) :
1. Explain the contribution made by the French in the development of agriculture in Vietnam.
Answer
• Mekong Delta in Vietnam had a fertile land, suitable for cultivation of rice and plantation crops.
• For profit, the French began by building canals and draining lands in Mekong delta to increase cultivation.
• They built a vast system of irrigation works, consisting of a canal and earthworks with the help of forced labour.
• The rice production increased and allowed the export of rice to the international market.
• They also built a network of railways which helped in faster movement of goods and agricultural products.
• Vietnam exported two-thirds of its rice production and by 1931 had become the third largest exporter of rice in the world.
(Para – 3 and 4, Page No. 32)