Extra Questions for Class 10th: Ch 6 Work, Life and Leisure History Social Studies (S.St) Important Questions Answer Included
Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQs):Answer
Paddington to Farrington Street
(Para – 5, Page No. 133)
2. Which was the first movie made by Dada Saheb Phalke?
Answer
Raja Harishchandra in 1913
(Para – 1, Page No. 146)
3. What does Mayapuri mean to Bombay?
Answer
A city of dreams
(Para – 3, Page No. 145)
4. Who wrote a novel ‘Debganer Martye Agoman’ (The Gods Visit Earth)?
Answer
Durgacharan Ray in 1880
(Para – 1, Page No. 127)
5. Name a sub-urban of Bombay which was a mill village?
Answer
Girangaon
(Para – 1, Page No. 143)
6. What was the aim of Chartism movement?
Answer
Adult male franchise
(Para – 4, Page No. 135)
7. What was referred to as ‘iron monsters’?
Answer
London underground railway
(Para – 1, Page No. 134)
8. Who wrote the book ‘The Bitter Cry of Outcaste London’ in the 1880s?
Answer
Andrew Mearns.
(Para – 2, Page No. 130)
9. Who wrote several volumes on the London labour in the mid of the 19th century?
Answer
Henry Mayhew.
(Para – 3, Page No. 129)
10. To which European powers did the seven islands of Bombay belong before passing into the hands of the British?
Answer
Portuguese
(Para – 1, Page No. 141)
Short Answer Questions (SAQs):
1. Who are Philanthropists? Explain any two steps taken to control crime in London in the 1870s.
Answer
The group of the people who work for social upliftment and charity, donating time and money for the purpose are called philanthropists. Steps taken to control crime were:
(i) The authorities imposed high penalties for crime.
(ii) They offered work to the deserving poor.
(New words, Page No. 129|Para – 3, Page No. 129)
2. Highlight any three attempts taken by Londoners to decongest localities during the First World War.
Answer
(i) Efforts were made to green the open spaces, reduce pollution and landscape the city.
(ii) Large blocks of apartments were built, akin to those in Berlin and New York – cities which had similar housing problems.
(iii) Rent control was introduced in Britain during the First World War to ease the impact of a severe housing shortage.
(Para – 1, Page No. 132)
3. What is meant by tenement?
Answer
(i) A tenement is run-down and often over crowded apartment house especially in a poor section of large city.
(ii) These low-rise apartment buildings were too often cramped, poorly built and lacked proper ventilation.
(iii) After industrial revolution, when people began pouring in London, individual landowners put up cheap, and usually unsafe, tenements for the new arrivals.
(New Words, Page No. 131| Para – 3, Page No. 130| Para – 1, Page No. 131)
4. Give three reasons why Bombay is known as the city of dreams.
Answer
(i) By 1925, Bombay became the capital city of films in India. It attracted migrants from Lahore, Calcutta, Madras and other parts.
(ii) They contributed to the blending of culture, dream and stars as well as slums of Bombay. Bombay started producing films for a national audience.
(iii) Bombay films have contributed in a big way to produce an image of the city as a blend of dream and reality, slums and star bungalows.
(Page No. 146)
5. Why did people of London call underground railway ‘the iron monster’. Give any three reasons.
Answer
(i) Underground railway was considered a menace to health.
(ii) The massive destruction was also made in the process of construction of underground railway such as houses were knocked down, streets broken through and stopped.
(iii) It also led to a massive displacement of the London poor.
(Topic - Transport in the City, Page No. 133 and 134)
6. Why was London called the ‘city of magnet’? Give three reasons.
Answer
(i) The city of London was a magnet for the migrant populations due to the job opportunities provided by its dockyards and industries.
(ii) The population of London kept expanding through the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
(iii) During the First World War, London began manufacturing motor cars and electrical goods which increased the number of large factories, which in turn increased the number of people coming to the city in search of work.
(Para - 1, Page No. 129)
Long Answer Questions (LAQs):
1. “Even though the underground Railway eventually became a huge success, it was opposed by many people initially.” Explain five valid reasons for this opposition.
Answer
The development of the underground railways was opposed because:
(i) The underground railways were considered a menace to health due to the lack of oxygen created in the compartments by smoking pipes, fumes of gas lamps and coal dust.
(ii) A large number of houses for poor were displaced for its construction.
(iii) It added to the mess and unhealthy environment of the city.
(iv) People were afraid to travel underground.
(v) Many felt that ‘iron monsters’ added to the mass and unhealthiness of the city.
(Topic – Transport in the City, Page No. 133 and 134)
2. “The function and shape of the family were completely transformed by life in the industrial city”. Support the statement with examples.
OR
Ties between members of households loosened in Britain in the era of industrialization. Explain the statement.
Answer
(i) Ties between members of household loosened.
(ii) The institution of marriage among the working class tended to break down.
(iii) Women of the upper and middle classes in Britain, faced increasingly higher level of isolation although their lives were made easier by maids.
(iv) Women who worked for wages had some control over their lives particularly among the lower social classes.
(v) By the 20th century, the urban family had been transformed again partly by experience of the war time and partly work done by the women who were employed in large numbers.
(Topic - Social Change in the City, Page No. 135 and 136)
3. Explain any five sources of entertainment which came up in the 19th century in England to provide leisure activities.
OR
Describe five forms of entertainment that came up in the 19th century England.
Answer
(i) For the wealthy Londoners, there was the annual ‘London Season’ where elite groups could enjoy several cultural events such as the opera and theatre.
(ii) Working classes too had their own means of entertainment. They used to meet in pubs and enjoy a drink, exchange news and discuss political events.
(iii) The establishment of libraries, museums and art galleries provided entertainment to common people.
(iv) Music halls and later cinema houses became a source of mass entertainment.
(v) Industrial workers spent holidays by the sea shore and enjoyed both sun and the wind which were a great source of entertainment.
(Topic - Leisure and Consumption, Page No. 136)