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Democracy and Diversity Class 10 Extra Questions Civics Social Studies (S.St) Important Questions Answer Included

Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQs): 

1. What do you mean by ‘Civil Rights Movement in the USA’?

Answer

Civil Rights Movement in the USA refers to a set of events and reform movements aimed at abolishing legal racial discrimination against African-Americans.

2. Tommie Smith and John Carlos belong to which ethnic group of America?

Answer

African-American.

3. Which event in the USA is referred as the Black Power Movement (1966-73)?

Answer

Movement to end racism.

4. Which University has recently installed the statues of Tommie Smith and John Carlos in its campus?

Answer

The San Jose State University.

5. Name the Australian athlete who showed sympathy and support to the two American athletes who tried to draw international attention to racial discrimination in the USA.

Answer

Peter Norman

6. Name the leader of the Civil Rights Movement in USA.

Answer

Martin Luther King Junior.

Short Answer Questions (SAQs):

1. What was ‘Civil Rights Movement’ in United States? Explain.

Answer 

• Civil Rights Movement in the USA refers to a set of events and reform movements aimed at abolishing legal racial discrimination against African-Americans.
• It was led by Martin Luther King Jr. 
• This movement practiced non-violent methods of civil disobedience against racially discriminatory laws and practices.

2. Which type of social difference is more dangerous and why?

Answer

• Overlapping difference happens when some social differences overlap other differences.
• When one kind of social difference becomes more important than the other and people starts feeling that they belongs to different communities.
• Thus they creates possibilities of deep social division sand tensions. For example- Black and white differences in US becomes a social division because the blacks tends to be poor and landless, and often face injustice and discrimination.

3. How far does the emergence of social differences lead to social division? Explain by giving a suitable example.

Answer

• If social differences cross cut one another, it is difficult to avoid clashes between the groups that hold different views. 
• It means that groups that share a common interest on one issue are likely to be in different sides of a different issue. 
• For example, in Northern Ireland class and religion tend to cut across each other leading to social tensions.

4. “Social division takes place when some social differences overlap with other differences.” Justify the statement.

Answer

• The difference between the Blacks and Whites becomes a social division in the US because the Blacks tend to be poor, homeless and discriminated against. 
• In our country Dalits tend to be poor and landless. They often face discrimination and injustice. 
• One kind of social difference becomes more important when other people start feeling that they belong to different communities.

5. What are the three factors that determine the outcome of social divisions in politics? Explain.

Answer

• The people's perception of their identities: When this is singular, the accommodation of other identities becomes difficult.
• Representation of a community by political leaders: While representing a community, if politicians raise demands that are constitutional, then it is easier to accommodate those demands.
• The government's reaction: If the reasonable demands of a community are suppressed by the government, then it leads to social divisions, which in turn threaten the integrity of the country.

Long Answer Questions (LAQs):

1. Politics and social divisions must not be allowed to mix. Substantiate this statement, with five arguments.

Answer 

• Democracy involves competition among various political parties. Their competition tends to divide any society. If they start competing in terms of some existing social divisions, it can make social division into political division and lead to conflict, violence or even disintegration of a country. 
• Hundreds of civilians, militants and security forces were killed in the fight between Unionists and Nationalists and between the security forces of the UK and the Nationalists. It was only in 1998, that the UK government and the Nationalists reached a peace treaty after which the nationalists suspended their armed struggle. 
• Political competition along religious and ethnic lines led to the disintegration of Yugoslavia into six independent countries. 
• In a democracy, it is only natural that political parties would talk about the social divisions, make different promises to different communities, look after due representation of various communities and make policies to redress the grievances of the disadvantaged communities. 
• Social divisions affect voting in most countries. People from one community tend to prefer some party to others. In many countries, there are parties that focus only on one community.

2. Name five countries of the world which have already faced or are facing the problems of social divisions. Explain in brief the causes of social divisions. 

Answer

• UK faced the problem based on religious divisions between Protestants and Catholics in Ireland. 
• Sri Lanka is still facing the problem of language, cultural and religious diversities. 
• India is facing the problems of social divisions based on caste, religion, gender, etc.
• Belgium faced the problem of linguistic diversities. The problem has been resolved with the formation of community government. 
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