Revision Notes for Ch 7 Coordinate Geometry Class 10th Mathematics
Coordinate Geometry• Coordinate Geometry: The branch of Mathematics in which algebraic methods are used to solve geometrical problems is known as coordinate geometry.
Coordinate System
• As shown in the figure, the line XOX′ is known as the X-axis and YOY′ is known as Y-axis.
• The point O is called the origin. For any point P (x y), the ordered pair (x y) is called the coordinate of point P.
• The distance of a point from Y-axis is called its abscissa and the distance of a point from X-axis is called its ordinate.
• Distance between Two Points
The distance between two points P (x1, y1) and Q (x2, y2) is given by:
This is also known as Distance Formula.
Note: The distance of any point P(x,y) from the origin O(0,0) is given by:
This is also known as Distance Formula.
Note: The distance of any point P(x,y) from the origin O(0,0) is given by:
• Section Formula
Let P (x,y) be a point on the line segment joining A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) such that it divides AB internally in the ratio m:n. The coordinates of the point P are given by
This is known as Section Formula.
Note:
(i) If the point P divides the line segment joining A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) internally in the ratio k:1, its coordinates are given by:
Example: In what ratio does the point (2,- 5) divide the line segment joining the points A(-3, 5) and B(4, -9).
Solution:
Let the ratio be λ : 1
The required ratio is 5:2.
Mid -Point Formula
The mid-point of the line joining A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2) is given as
Centroid of the Triangle
The Centroid of the triangle is the point of intersection of medians of the triangle. For a triangle A(x1, y1), B(x2, y2) and C(x3, y3) we can say that the co-ordinates of centroid is given as
Areas of Triangle
Condition for Collinearity of three Points
