Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Extra Questions Chapter 7 Class 7 History
Chapter 7 Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Class 7 History Extra Questions is given on this page that will be useful for the purpose of examinations. Through the help the provided extra questions for class 7 that includes VSAQs, SAQs and LAQs, you can able to answer different questions that can asked in any test papers.
Chapter 7 Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQs):
1. During the Mughal rule the Balochis tribals lived in the _________.
Answer
North west.
2. The provinces in Gond kingdom were known as _______.
Answer
Garha.
3. Why do you mean by the term clan?
Answer
A clan is a group of families or households claiming descent from a common ancestor.
4. How the Western Himalayan tribe of Gaddis did earned their living?
Answer
Shepherd.
5. The Gond Kingdom was divided into ________.
Answer
Garhs.
6. Where did Mongols live?
Answer
Mongols lived in the grasslands of Central Asia and the forested areas further north.
7. Who was Chandra Shah?
Answer
The uncle of Bir Narain the son of Rani Durgawati.
8. According to the Akbar Nama, the Gond kingdom had_____ villages.
Answer
70,000 villages.
9. Sib Singh was the tribal chief of _________.
Answer
Ahom.
10. Name the tribal chief of the Ghakkhar tribe.
Answer
Kamal khan.
11. Who subdued the Cheros?
Answer
Aurangzeb.
12. Who were paiks?
Answer
Forced labour in Ahom state.
13. What helps present-day historians in writing tribal histories?
Answer
Tribal people preserved rich customs and oral traditions. These were passed down to each new generation. Historians take help of such oral traditions to write tribal histories.
14. Where does the Kutiya Kond tribes lived?
Answer
Orissa.
15. Who were the most important trading nomads?
Answer
Banjaras.
16. What was the name of the shepherd tribe in the Western Himalayas?
Answer
Gaddis
17. Name the agricultural system practiced by most Gonds.
Answer
Shifting cultivation.
18. Barhots were made of _________ villages.
Answer
12.
19. How did Garha Katanga earn much of its wealth?
Answer
It earned much wealth by trapping and exporting wild elephants to other kingdoms.
20. Dalpat Shah had matrimonial relations with the ________
Answer
Chandels of Mahoba.
Chapter 7 Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Short Answer Questions (SAQs):
1. Were the Banjaras important for the economy?
Answer
The Banjaras were important for the economy. When Central Asian traders brought goods like nuts to
India, the Banjaras carried these to local markets.
• Sultan Alauddin Khalji used the Banjaras to transport grain to the city markets.
• In Jahangir's times the Banjaras carried grain on their bullocks from different areas and sold it in towns. They transported foodgrain for the Mughal army during military campaigns.
• They usually bought grain where it was cheaply available and carried it to places where it was dearer. From there, they again reloaded their oxen with anything that can be profitably sold in other places.
2. State some characteristics of the tribal societies?
Answer
• Tribal societies did not follow the social rules and rituals prescribed by the Brahmanas. They were also not divided into numerous unequal classes.
• Members of each tribe were united by kinship bonds. Many tribes obtained their livelihood from agriculture. Others were hunter-gatherers. Some tribes were nomadic.
• A tribal group controlled land and pastures jointly, and divided these amongst households according to its own rules.
3. What was the occupation of the Ahoms?
Answer
The early Ahom state had a simple economy. The primary occupation of the Ahoms was agriculture. They introduced new methods of wet rice cultivation. During wars almost most men served in the army. In normal situations, they had to indulge themselves in the construction of embankments, irrigation systems and other public works.
4. Explain the term 'khel' in reference to Ahom society.
Answer
The Ahom society was divided into different clans or khels on the basis of their specifically assigned occupation and their hereditary status. The Khels were assigned to different officials at different orders of gradation. Membership to a particular khel signified that they were the descendants of a common ancestor. A khel often controlled several villages. The smallest unit of khel contains 20 paiks. This smallest unit is controlled by an officer known as Bora.
5. Who are nomadic pastoralists?
Answer
Nomadic pastoralists are the people who travel long distances with their animals in search of fodder. They live on milk and other pastoral products. They also exchange wool, ghee etc. with settle communities for grain, cloth, utensils and other products.
6. Who is considered as one of the builders of the Ahom states and how?
Answer
Suhungmung is considered as one of the real builders of the Ahom state. He undertook the first population census of his kingdom and brought different classes of craftsmen from outside his state and established them in his kingdom.
7. What was the religion of the Ahom state?
Answer
Originally, the Ahoms worshipped their own tribal gods. But gradually they adopted the Vaishnava faith, then prevailing in the Brahmaputra valley. The kings granted land to the temples and Brahmanas. In the reign of Sib Singh (1714-1744), Hinduism became the predominant religion. But the Ahom kings did not completely give up their traditional beliefs after adopting Hinduism and kept a harmonious balance by also preserving their ancestral religion.
8. How did the emergence of large states change the nature of Gond society?
Answer
• It weakened the clan identity. There was a gradual division of Gond society into unequal social classes.
• Brahmanas became a dominant class in the society as they received land grants from the Gond rajas.
• The Gond rajas desired to be recognised as Rajputs. They began forming marital relation with the Rajputs.
9. Write a note on Garha Katanga.
Answer
Garha Katanga was a rich state. It earned much wealth by trapping and exporting wild elephants to other kingdoms. When the Mughals defeated the Gonds, they captured a huge booty of precious coins and elephants. They annexed part of the kingdom and granted the rest to Chandra Shah, an uncle of Bir Narain.
10. What are the different kind of nomads?
Answer
There are three types of Nomads.
• Hunter Gatherers:- Moving between hunting grounds.
• Pastoral Nomads:-Moving between pastures.
• Peripatetic Nomads:- Moving between Customers.
11. What do you mean by transhumance?
Answer
Transhumance is a practise followed by pastoral nomads. It is a kind of mobility zone in high mountains associated with pastoralists. During Summer these communities take their flock of sheep and cattle to higher mountains for gazing. During Winter they come down to lower reaches of mountains where they grow grass.
12. What changes took place in varna-based-society?
Answer
• Smaller castes, or jatis emerged within varnas. Many tribes and social groups were taken into caste-based society and given the status of jatis.
• Specialised artisans such as smiths, carpenters, and masons were also recognised as separate jatis by the Brahmanas. Jatis, rather than varnas, became the basis for organising society.
• Among the Kshatriyas, new Rajput clans became powerful by the eleventh and twelfth centuries.
13. Who were rathakars? What different jobs did they do?
Answer
Rathakaras were basically the chariot makers. Besides, they were engaged in several other activities which included architecture, building coaches and chariots, erecting gateways for temples with images in them, preparing wooden equipment used to perform sacrifices, building mandapas, making jewels for the king.
14. Who was Rani Durgawati? What did she do to keep up the glory of her kingdom?
Answer
Rani Durgawati was the daughter of Satabahan, the Chandel Rajput raja of Mahoba and was married to Dalpat, the son of Aman Das, the Gond raja of Graha Katanga. Dalpat died early and Rani Durgawati tookm the command in her hands. She started ruling on behalf of her five-year old son, Bir Narain. She expanded her kingdom far and wide. In 1565, when the Mughal forces attacked Graha Katanga, she put up a strong resistance. She was defeated and preferred to die rather than surrender.
Chapter 7 Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities Long Answer Questions (LAQs):
1. Describe briefly the origin of Rajput.
Answer
There are several theories given about the origin of Rajputs.
• Some claimed their genealogy to Solar and Lunar families of Kshatriyas mentioned in the Mahabharata. Chandra Bardai in his 'Prithviraj Raso' mentioned that, the Chalukyas (Solankis), the Parmaras (Pawars), the Chahmanas (Chauhans)and the Pratiharas (Parihars) evolved from the yajna organized by Vasistha at Mount Abu.
• Some historians said that a number of classes from Scythians and Huns assimilated in the Indian Society. Some chief clans of South India like Kalachuris, Chandelas & Gaharwaras were related with Gond, Rathore & Bundella respectively.
2. What were the main features of Ahom society?
Answer
• Ahom society was divided into clans or Khels. There were very few castes of artisans, so artisans in the Ahom areas came from the adjoining kingdoms.
• A Khel often controlled several villages. The peasant was given land by his village community. Even the King could not take it away without the community’s consent.
• The Ahoms worshipped their own tribal gods. During the first half of the seventeenth century, the influence of Brahmanas increased.
• Temples and Brahmanas were granted land by the King.
• Ahom society was very sophisticated. Poets and scholars were given land grants.
• Theatre was encouraged. Important works of Sanskrit were translated into local languages.
3. Who were Adivasis?
Answer
The societies that didn't follow the rules laid down by Brahmins were called Tribals or Adivasis.
• They were the original/indigenous people living in an area. Their life styles were passed on from generation to generation.
• Many ruiling Indian dynasties draw their origin from these tribal groups. One such example is 'Rajputs'. Sultans & Mughals also belonged to tribal communities of Central Asia.
• The tribals were mainly hunter gatherers or agriculturists. They settled in hills/forests and other such difficult to reach places.
• Some tribals were Banjaras (Nomads) who moved from place to place.
4. In what was the history of the Gonds different from the Ahoms? Also, list similarities between them.
Answer
Differences:
• The Gonds lived in a vast forested region called Gondwana or country inhabited by Gonds. The Ahoms migrated to the Brahmaputra valley from present-day Myanmar in the thirteenth century.
• The Gond society was divided into garhs. Each garh was controlled by a particular Gond clan. Ahom society was divided into clans or Khels. A Khel often controlled several villages.
Similarities:
• Both the kingdoms were rich and powerful. Despite that they were defeated by the Mughals.
• The administration of both the kingdom was centralised.
• The influence of Brahmanas increased in both the societies. They were granted land by the king.