Industries Extra Questions Chapter 5 Class 8 Geography
Chapter 5 Industries Extra Questions for Class 8 Geography will be very useful in attaining good marks in the examinations and encourage students to learn new topics. Class 8 Extra Questions can be helpful in grasping the important concepts of the chapter properly.
Chapter 5 Industries Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQs):
1. Expand AMUL. Where are its headquarters?
Answer
Anand Milk Union Limited. Its headquarters are in Anand, Gujarat.
2. Name an industrial region in northern India.
Answer
The Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region is an industrial region in northern India.
3. What is smelting?
Answer
Smelting is the process in which metals one extracted from their ores by heating beyond the melting point.
4. Define industry.
Answer
Industry refers to an economic activity that is concerned with production of goods, extraction of minerals or provision of services.
5. What does the information technology deal in?
Answer
The information technology deals in the storage, processing and distribution of information.
6. Name three common methods of classifying industries.
Answer
Industries are classified according to raw material used, size and ownership.
7. What are the inputs of an industrial system?
Answer
The inputs of an industrial system are the raw materials, labour and costs of land, transport, power and other infrastructure.
8. Why is Bangalore also known as 'Silicon Plateau'?
Answer
Bangalore is located on the Deccan Plateau. Therefore, it is known as ‘Silicon Plateau’.
9. What is the link between the mines and the industry in Pittsburgh?
Answer
The Great Lakes of North America lie between the mines and industrial plant in Pittsburgh.
10. What industries have started replacing the textile industry in Osaka?
Answer
Iron and steel, machinery, shipbuilding, automobiles, electrical equipment and cement industry have begun to replace the textile industry in Osaka.
11. What products do industrial plants in Jamshedpur produce?
Answer
Industrial plants produce chemicals, locomotive parts, agricultural equipment, machinery, tinplate etc.
12. How do industrial regions emerge?
Answer
Industrial regions emerge when a number of industries locate close to each other and share the benefits of their closeness.
Chapter 5 Industries Short Answer Questions (SAQs):
1. Why was the Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) set up at Sakchi, in Jamshedpur. Give reasons.
Answer
There were several reasons behind this:
• Sakchi was only 32 km away from Kalimati station on the Bengal–Nagpur railway line.
• It was close to the iron ore, coal and manganese deposits as well as to Kolkata, which provided a large market.
• TISCO gets coal from Jharia coalfields, and iron ore, limestone, dolomite and manganese from
Orissa and Chhattisgarh. These places are close to Sakchi.
• The Kharki and Subarnarekha rivers are close to Sakchi, that ensured sufficient water supply.
2. Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of ownership.
Answer
On the basis of ownership, industries are classified into private sector, state owned (public sector), joint sector and cooperative sector.
• Private sector industries are owned by individuals or a group of individuals.
• Public sector industries are owned by the government.
• Joint sector industries are owned and operated by the state and individuals. Maruti Udyog is an example of such an industry.
• Cooperative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or-suppliers of raw materials, workers or both. AMUL is one such industry.
3. Mention the main factors that influence the location of an industry.
Answer
The factors affecting the location of industries are the availability of raw material, land, water, labour, power, capital, transport and market. Industries are situated where some or all of these factors are easily available. Sometimes, the government provides incentives like subsidised power, lower transport cost
and other infrastructure so that industries may be located in the backward areas.
4. Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of raw material used.
Answer
On the basis of raw material used, industries are classified into agro, mineral, marine and forest-based.
• The raw material of agro-based industries consists of plant and animal based products. Some examples are food processing, cotton textile industry and leather industry.
• The raw material used in mineral- based industries consists of mineral ores. An example: iron and steel industry.
• Marine-based industries use products obtained from the sea and oceans as raw materials. Sea food industry is one such industry.
• A forest-based industry uses forest produce as raw material. Examples are paper industry and furniture.
5. What does an industrial system consists of?
Answer
An industrial system consists of inputs, processes and outputs. The inputs are the raw materials, labour and costs of land, transport, power and other infrastructure. The processes include a wide range of activities that convert raw material into finished products the outputs are the end product and the income earned from it.
6. Mention the locational advantages of the Silicon Plateau, Bangalore.
Answer
• Bangalore has the largest number of educational institutions and IT colleges in India.
• The city was considered dust-free with low rents and low cost of living.
• The state government of Karnataka was the first to announce an IT Policy in 1992.
• The city has the largest and widest availability of skilled managers with work experience.
7. Give examples of industrial regions in India and the world.
Answer
The major industrial areas of the world are:
• Eastern North America, western and central Europe, eastern Europe and eastern Asia.
• In India, major industrial regions are Mumbai-Pune cluster, Bangalore-Tamil Nadu region, Hugli region, Ahmedabad-Baroda region, Chhotanagpur industrial belt, Vishakhapatnam-Guntur Belt, Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region and the Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram industrial cluster.
8. Write the properties and significance of steel.
Answer
Steel has these properties: it is tough, it can easily be shaped (malleability), cut or made into wire (ductility). Adding certain other elements makes it harder, tougher, and rust-retention capability.
Steel is the backbone of modern industry. We use a lot of steel objects in daily life. Ships, trains and most other vehicles, tiny needles and safety pins, machinery and equipment, buildings, etc utilise steel as a main or sole constituent.
Chapter 5 Industries Long Answer Questions (LAQs):
1. Why is Osaka known as the 'Manchester of Japan'?
Answer
Osaka is known as the ‘Manchester of Japan’ because it is an important textile centre of the country. The textile industry developed in Osaka due to several geographical factors. The extensive plain around Osaka ensured that land was easily available for the growth of cotton mills. Warm humid climate
is well suited to spinning and weaving. The river Yodo provides sufficient water for the mills. Labour is easily available. Location of port facilitates import of raw cotton and for exporting textiles. The textile industry at Osaka depends entirely upon imported raw materials which it gets from Egypt, India,
China and USA. The finished product is mostly exported and had a good market due to good quality and low price.
2. Describe the cotton textile industry with special reference to its history and spread in India.
Answer
Cotton is a natural fibre crop. The cotton textile industry is the industry which involves in making clothes out of the fibre. It is one of the oldest industries of the world. India has a glorious history of producing excellent quality cotton textiles. The Muslins of Dhaka, Chintzes of Masulipatnam, Calicos of Calicut and gold-wrought cotton of Burhanpur, Vadodara and Surat had world-famous quality and design. The traditional Indian cotton textile industry, however, could not compete with the Western textile mills, due to the high cost of the hand woven textile. The process involved, moreover, was time-consuming.
The first successful mechanised textile mill in India was established in Mumbai in 1854. The factors that led to the success were the warm and moist climate, the presence of a nearby port for importing machinery, the availability of raw material and skilled labour. Humidity was a main reason why the industry was initially limited to Maharashtra and Gujarat.
Today the industry has spread to various other parts of the country, due to the artificial production of humidity. The important cotton textile centres are in Coimbatore, Kanpur, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ludhiana, Puducherry and Panipat.