Judiciary Extra Questions Chapter 5 Class 8 Civics
Chapter 5 Judiciary Class 8 Civics Extra Questions is given on this page which are very useful for the purpose of exams. One can know what can come in the examinations and learn diverse topics with the help of Extra Questions for Class 8 Civics.
Chapter 5 Judiciary Very Short Answer Questions (VSAQs):
1. Where were High Courts first established and when?
Answer
High Courts were first established in the three Presidency cities of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras in 1962.
2. What do you mean by ‘judicial review’?
Answer
Judicial review means judiciary has the power to strike down particular laws passed by the Parliament if it finds they don’t adhere to Constitution.
3. What do you mean when you say ‘we have an integrated judicial system’?
Answer
It means that the decisions made by higher courts are binding on the lower courts.
4. What do you mean by the appellate system?
Answer
It means that a person can appeal to a higher court if they are not satisfied with the judgement of the lower court.
5. Where the seven north-east states have a common High Court located?
Answer
It is located at Guwahati.
6. How many judges are there in the Supreme Court?
Answer
There are 26 judges in the Supreme Court.
7. What do you mean when you say ‘we have an intergrated judicial system’?
Answer
It means that the decisions made by higher courts are binding on the lower courts.
8. What does the criminal law deal with?
Answer
Criminal law deals with conduct or acts that the law defines as offences. For example, theft, harassing a woman to bring more dowry, murder.
9. What are appellate cases?
Answer
Appellate cases are appeals against the judgments of the High Courts. As the highest judicial authority the Supreme Court has the power to review the decisions of the High Courts and give its own judgments.
10. In which Article of the Constitution is the Fundamental Right to Life guaranteed?
Answer
The Fundamental Right to Life is guaranteed in Article 21 of the Constitution.
Chapter 5 Judiciary Short Answer Questions (SAQs):
1. What is an independent judiciary? Explain in brief.
Answer
The Indian Constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. It means that other branches of the State such as the legislature and the executive cannot interfere in the work of the judiciary. The courts are not under the government and do not act on their behalf. The courts ensure that there is no misuse of power of the legislature and the executive. Anyone can approach the courts if they find that their Fundamental Rights have been violated. Thus, the courts are not influenced by anyone, not even by the rich and powerful people.
2. What is a Judicial System? What is its role in dispute resolution?
Answer
A judicial system is a mechanism of courts that a citizen can approach when a law is violated. It plays a very significant role in resolving dispute between:
(i) citizens
(ii) citizens and the government
(iii) two state governments
(iv) the centre and state governments
3. Mention three different levels of courts in our country.
Answer
Three different levels of court in our country are:
• Subordinate or district courts.
• High Court in each state.
• The Supreme Court at the apex level that is located in New Delhi.
4. Write a brief note on ‘Public Interest Litigation.’
Answer
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a mechanism devised by the Supreme Court of India in the early 1980s to increase access to justice. Under this mechanism any individual or organisation is allowed to file a PIL in the High Court or the Supreme Court on behalf of those whose rights are being violated. The legal process that it involves is very simple. Even a letter or telegram addressed to the Supreme Court or the High Court can be treated as a PIL. Thus, PIL plays a very significant role in facilitating justice.
5. How is the work of the judiciary categorised?
Answer
The Judiciary comprises of courts that take decisions on a very large number of issues. The work of the judiciary can be divided into 3 categories, namely Dispute Resolution, Judicial Review and upholding the Law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights.
6. What does judiciary mean?
Answer
In law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of courts which administers justice in the name of the state. It is the mechanism for the resolution of disputes and pronouncement of punishment. As an organ of the State, the judiciary plays a crucial role in the functioning of India’s democracy.
7. What are the main functions of the Indian judiciary?
Answer
The main functions of the Indian judiciary are:
• Dispute resolution
• Judicial review
• Upholding the law and enforcing Fundamental Rights.
8. In principle, the courts are accessible to all. But what happens in reality?
Answer
In principle, every citizen has a right to justice through the courts. Here, it is worth mentioning that the courts play a very significant role in protecting our Fundamental Rights. If any citizen finds that their Fundamental Rights are violated, they can approach the court.
But things are not the same in reality. Access to courts has always been tough for the poor. These people do not dare to go to the court because they know that the legal procedures are very lengthy and complicated and involve a lot of money.
Chapter 5 Judiciary Long Answer Questions (LAQs):
1. Describe Sudha Goel case. What judgements were given by different courts in this case?
Answer
In February 1980, Sudha Goel got married to Laxman Kumar. She began to live in her husband‘s flat in Delhi with him and other members of his family. On 2 December 1980. Sudha died in hospital due to burns. Her family filed a case in court. When this case was heard in the Trial Court, four of her neighbours were called in as witnesses. These witnesses stated that Sudha had been subjected to torture by her in-laws and that they were demanding more cash, a scooter and a fridge on the birth of the first child. But Laxman and his mother told another story. According to them, Sudha’s sari had accidentally caught fire while she was heating milk. On the basis of this and another evidence, the Trial Court convicted Laxman, his mother and his brother-in-law and sentenced all three of them to death.
In November 1982, the three accused went to the High Court to appeal against this verdict of the Trial Court. The High Court aquitted all the three accused. In 1985, the Supreme Court heard the appeal against the acquittal of Laxman and the two members of his family. The apex court found Laxman and his mother guilty and aquitted the brother-in-law due lack of evidence against him. The Supreme Court decided to send the accused to prison for life.