The First World War - Chapter 2 Nationalism in India Class 10 History
You will get The First World War in detailed way which is part of Chapter 2 Nationalism in India Class 10 History which will ensure that remembering and retaining the syllabus more easy and efficient. It is quite easy to retain the answers once you are fully aware of the concept thus notes can be beneficial for you. You will understand the various factors through which one can improve their efficiency.
| Study Material for Class 10 History Chapter 2 Nationalism in India |
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The First World War - Chapter 2 Nationalism in India Class 10 History
Growth of Modern Nationalism
• The modern nationalism in Europe came to be associated with the formation of nation-states. It defined their identity and sense of belonging. New symbols and icons, new songs and ideas made new links and redefined the boundaries of communities.
• Like other colonised countries, in India the growth of modern nationalism is connected to the anti-colonial movement.
• In the process of their struggle with colonialism, people began discovering their unity. However, each class and group felt the effects of colonialism differently but the Congress under Mahatma Gandhi tried to connect these groups together within one movement.
The First World War
• The First World War lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. The war was between Central Powers mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey against the Allies that includes mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan and from 1917 the United States participated in the war.
• As India was a colony of Britain, it automatically joined the war. Indians had not been consulted before the declaration of war.
• The First World War created a new economic and political situation. Defence expenditure increased which led to the increase in custom duties, introducing income taxes and heavy borrowing.
→ Between 1913 and 1918, Prices increased and doubled which led to extreme hardship for the common people.
→ Defence expenditure increased which was financed by the increase in custom duties, introducing income taxes and heavy borrowing.
→ Forced recruitment in rural areas caused widespread anger against the British rule.
→ During 1918-19 and 1920-21, crops failure in many parts of India, created acute shortages of food, influenza outbreak and famines took life of 12 to 13 million people.
• People hoped that their hardships would end after the war would over but that did not happen.