Chapter 14 Economic Activities Around Us NCERT Revision Notes Class 6 Social Science
NCERT Notes of Economic Activities Around Us for Class 6 SST is available on this page of studyrankers website. This chapter is from NCERT Textbook for Class 6 Science named Exploring Society India and Beyond. This textbook is published by NCERT (National Council of Educational Research and Training). Class 6 Social Science Textbook published by NCERT is prescribed for CBSE students. Chapter 14 Economic Activities Around Us is very helpful in understanding the chapter clearly and in easy manner. Students can also find NCERT Solutions for Economic Activities Around Us on this website for their reference. It is very helpful for class 6 students in preparing for the examination. We have covered all the important points and topics of the Economic Activities Around Us chapter of class 6 SST ncert textbook. Students can also find all the questions answers of Economic Activities Around Us chapter which is in the textbook updated to latest pattern of cbse and ncert.
NCERT Notes for Chapter 14 Economic Activities Around Us Class 6 Social Science
Introduction to the Chapter
Every day, we see people doing different types of work to earn money. Some grow food, some teach, some drive buses, and some make machines. All these jobs are called economic activities because they help people and create money.
Long ago, people mostly did simple work like farming and making tools. But today, there are many types of jobs, like working in banks, making computers, and repairing things.
By grouping these activities, we can understand how different jobs connect and how people help each other through their work.
Without these jobs, we wouldn’t have food to eat, clothes to wear, or schools to learn in! Every job is important and makes our life better.
Classification of Economic Activities into Economic Sectors
Do the three main economic sectors include primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors?
Yes, Economic activities are divided into sectors like primary (raw materials), secondary (manufacturing), and tertiary (services), based on the nature of the work involved.
Economic activities that have similar characteristics can be grouped together into broader categories known as economic sectors. There are three main types of economic sectors: primary, secondary, and tertiary.
1. Primary Activities
Some jobs depend directly on nature to provide things we need. These are called primary activities because they are the first step in producing goods that people use every day.
Examples of Primary Activities:
- Farmers grow grains, fruits, and vegetables on fields.
- People collect wood from forests to use for building and making furniture.
- Workers dig coal and minerals from deep inside the earth.
- Fishermen catch fish from rivers, lakes, and oceans.
- Poultry farmers gather eggs from hens.
The most common primary activities are farming, fishing, mining, raising animals, and forestry. These activities are very important because they provide the basic materials needed to make other products.
2. Secondary Activities
Some jobs take things from nature and change them into things we can use. These jobs are called secondary activities. These activities help turn raw materials into finished products that people can buy or use.
What Does the Secondary Sector Do?
- It builds things like houses, schools, and roads.
- It provides things like water, electricity, and gas.
- It turns raw materials from farms, forests, and mines into goods we use every day.
Examples of Secondary Activities:
- Processing Food: Grains from farms are turned into flour in mills.
- Making Oil and Tea: Oil is made from groundnuts, and tea leaves are turned into tea.
- Woodworking: Wood from trees is made into furniture and paper.
- Making Clothes: Cotton is turned into fabric to make clothes.
- Making Cars: Iron ore is changed into steel to make cars and trucks.
Some jobs don't make things, but they help people do their work and make life easier. These jobs are called tertiary activities. They provide important services that we use every day, even though we may not always see them.
Examples of Tertiary Activities:
- Transportation Services: Truck drivers move grains and vegetables from farms to markets and factories.
- Retail Services: People who sell fruits and vegetables at shops or markets.
- Professional Services: Doctors, teachers, nurses, lawyers, and pilots provide important help.
- Repair and Maintenance Services: Technicians fix mobile phones, TVs, cars, and tractors. Electricians ensure we have power at home.
- Communication Services: Mobile phones, the internet, and software development help us stay connected.
- Other Services: Hotels, restaurants, banks, schools, hospitals, airports, and shops all provide services that make life better.
Interdependence among Sectors
The primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors are all important in changing natural resources into things we use. These sectors work together and depend on each other to create products.
Example from Anand District, Gujarat
In a village in Anand district, Gujarat, you can see how these sectors come together:
- Primary Sector: Farmers grow crops like grains and vegetables.
- Secondary Sector: These crops are taken to factories where they are processed into food products.
- Tertiary Sector: After processing, these products are transported to shops and markets, where people can buy them. Additionally, services like banking and healthcare support farmers and factory workers.
Dairy Cooperative: From Farm to Plate
In Gujarat, farmers start their day by milking their cows. The cows are very important to them, and the milk helps support their families. The farmers sell their milk to a nearby dairy, and at the end of the month, they get paid based on how much and how good the milk is. But things were very different 50 years ago.
Life Before AMUL
Years ago, farmers had to walk or ride bicycles to nearby villages to sell their milk. Since milk spoils quickly, they had to sell it fast. They depended on middlemen, who bought milk at low prices and sold it in the market. The farmers didn’t always get paid fairly.
The Start of AMUL
The farmers shared their problems with Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, a well-known leader. He suggested they work together and form a cooperative. This way, they wouldn’t have to depend on middlemen.
In 1946, AMUL was formed. Tribhuvandas Patel and Dr. Varghese Kurien led the cooperative, and many farmers joined. They started managing their own milk collection, processing, and selling. By working together, the farmers earned more money and became self-sufficient.
How AMUL Grew
AMUL grew quickly. They produced so much milk that they started making other products like butter and milk powder. They built a factory in Anand to keep up with the demand.
Today, AMUL makes a wide range of dairy products in factories across India. These products are sold in stores all over the country and even exported to other countries.
How the Sectors Work
- Primary Sector Activity: The farmers milk their cows, which is the primary sector because it comes from nature.
- Secondary Sector Activity: The milk is turned into products like milk powder, butter, and cheese in factories.
- Tertiary Sector Activity: AMUL transports the products by trucks, trains, planes, and ships, and sells them in stores across India.
What is a Cooperative?
A cooperative is a group of people who work together to achieve something they couldn't do alone. For example, farmers might form a cooperative to sell their milk directly to stores. This way, they don’t have to deal with middlemen and can earn a fair price for their milk. By working together, they can make more money and have more control over what they produce.
What is Pasteurization?
Pasteurization is a method used to make milk and other liquids safe to drink. It involves heating the liquid to a high temperature for a short time, and then cooling it quickly. This process kills harmful bacteria and makes the milk safe to consume.
Cooperatives in India
Just like AMUL, there are many other milk cooperatives in India that produce and sell milk and dairy products under different names. Some of these cooperatives are:
- Nandini from Karnataka
- Mother Dairy from Delhi-NCR
- Aavin from Tamil Nadu
- Vijaya from Andhra Pradesh
- Kevi from Nagaland
- Sudha from Bihar
- Verka from Punjab
These cooperatives help bring together farmers, people with disabilities, and women. By working together, they can improve their lives and earn more money.
Recycling used Paper
Recycling paper means taking old paper and turning it into new paper products.
Benefits of Recycling Paper:
- Recycling one tonne of paper can save 17 trees.
- It helps save 2.5 cubic metres of landfill space where waste is dumped.
- Recycling paper uses 70% less energy and water than making new paper from trees.
Conclusion
Understanding how the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors work together is like learning the secret recipe for a perfect dish. Each sector adds something special, and when combined, they create a strong and healthy economy. The primary sector provides the raw materials, the secondary sector makes these materials into useful products, and the tertiary sector delivers these products to us.
Just like every ingredient in a recipe is important, every job—whether it’s farming, building, teaching, or providing services—helps the economy grow and thrive. So, next time you enjoy something, remember how all these sectors worked together to make it happen!
Key Words
- Monetary value: Value of something that can be measured in terms of money.
- Economic Sectors: Broad groups that include various activities that help with the economic prosperity of a nation.
- Primary sector: The group of activities that involves extraction of raw materials directly from nature such as farming, fishing, forestry, etc.
- Secondary sector: The group of activities that involves processing of raw materials derived from primary sector into products for sale or consumption.
- Tertiary Sector: The group of activities that involves the provision of services which complement both primary and secondary sectors, such as transportation, banking, and management of business.
- Warehouses: Large buildings used for storing products before they are sold, used or rented out to shops.
- Dairy: A place where milk is collected and stored.
- Cooperative: A group of people who voluntarily come together to meet their economic and social needs in a formal way. They own the cooperative and decisions are taken by the members collectively.
- Middlemen: Persons who buy goods from producers and sell them to consumers. The middlemen charge a fee for this service.
- Pasteurisation: A process by which milk is preserved through heating to a specific temperature to kill harmful bacteria.
- Factory: Building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured, or various components are put together, to make a final product.
- Retail: The sale of goods in small quantities for use by the end consumer rather than for resale.
- Export: Goods and services that are produced in one country and sold to buyers or consumers in another country.